Mark Montini joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe as Chief Marketing Officer in October 2019. Michael brings 20 years of foundational IT skills and core functions of digital knowledge critical to shaping our journey to reach guests via innovative technologies. webtv.net; 5+ 404-210-XXXX; 770-670-XXXX; 770-821-XXXX; 770-580-XXXX; 770-821-XXXX; 678949XXXX; Paul Marsden Chief Financial Officer . ATLANTA, July 13, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Tropical Smoothie Cafe, a leading national fast-casual cafe franchise known for both its better-for-you smoothies and food with a . So that was helpful! Those franchisees are serving our guests on the front lines I can't run this business without their candid feedback.". 26, 2021. Tropical Smoothie Cafe on Thursday said it has named Charles Watson its permanent CEO as it works to grow into a $1 billion company within five years. Get Verified Emails for 1,980 Tropical Smoothie Cafe Employees. With extensive experience in the food service industry, Paul comes to Tropical Smoothie Cafe from Popeyes, where he served as the Chief Accounting Officer and spent nearly two decades working in the brands financial and accounting departments. Mark Montini joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe as Chief Marketing Officer in October 2019. How Much Do You Make Owning A Tropical Smoothie. wills o' nats last of the summer wine. Mark Montini joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe as Chief Marketing Officer in October 2019. Richard has served in a franchise operations capacity for more than 20 years with brands such as TCBY, Carvel, and Moes Southwest Grill. I am overjoyed to have the opportunity to lead such an incredible brand that has truly become a part of my DNA over many years, said Watson. Prior to joining Tropical Smoothie Cafe, Richard was the Vice President of Operations, West Division, for Papa Murphys International where he was responsible for field operations and marketing. NET WORTH * LIQUID CAPITAL/CASH . Building off this momentum, in 2019, we celebrated the openings of our 750th and 800th locations, but taking over during such a monumental time for our brand certainly brought opportunities to improve. In July 2018, I was named interim CEO, and then permanent in December 2018.". This process only helps our individual franchisees and their bottom line, respectively.". I joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe in 2010 as the Vice President of Franchise Development and, in 2016, became the Chief Development Officer, where I was responsible for all aspects of the development of the brand. Every day is a day to celebrate at Tropical Smoothie Cafe, with all the success were having. This process only helps our individual franchisees and their bottom line, respectively.". Those interested in becoming a franchisee should have $125,000 in liquid assets and a minimum net worth of $350,000. Currently, the following states regulate the offer and sale of franchises: California, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota (File No. Charles also serves on the boards of the International Franchise Association (IFA) and the Certified Franchise Executive (CFE) program. If you are a resident of or want to locate a franchise in one of these states, we will not offer you a franchise unless and until we have complied with applicable pre-sale registration and disclosure requirements in your state. Knowing that those essential workers are not only in the healthcare fields, weve also extended our giving to grocery store, warehouse and post office employees. SUCH REGISTRATION DOES NOT CONSTITUTE APPROVAL, RECOMMENDATION OR ENDORSEMENT BY THE COMMISSIONER OF CORPORATIONS NOR A FINDING BY THE COMMISSIONER THAT THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN IS TRUE, COMPLETE AND NOT MISLEADING. The impact of technology on the restaurant business and how Tropical Smoothie Cafe is adapting to a changing landscape in hospitality. Share Tweet Share Pin. That created a kind of blueprint that served as the foundation for me to take the reins and lead the company the way I felt was best. In July 2018, I was named interim CEO, and then permanent in December 2018.". And it has been a fantastic partnership because we can see the benefit of the dollars that were putting in. So more knowledge about our great food offerings is something that I would change a little bit. Prior to that, she spent 22 years at BBDO Worldwide, where she was executive vice president and senior director for the global advertising powerhouse, leading campaign strategy and execution for many large national brands. Previously with Papa Johns International as the Vice President, Global Digital Technology, Michael is a seasoned technology executive with vast engineering and operations expertise, leadership, and a deep understanding of digital technology and guest experiences. Well, Tropical Smoothie Cafe, we've got 850 locations in 44 states. Prior to being named CEO in 2018, Charles served as the chief development officer for Tropical Smoothie Cafe. Tropical Smoothie Cafe CEO Charles Watson has been with the company for more than 10 years and is passionate about supporting the franchise systems sustainable growth, the success of its franchisees, and the execution of the brands Inspire Better mission. Tropical Smoothie Cafe has deals in place for hundreds more locations in the pipeline and is on track to meet Charles aggressive goal to hit 1,500 locations by the end of 2024. Prior to joining Tropical Smoothie Cafe, Pete served as the Deputy General Counsel and Chief Compliance/Risk Officer at Popeyes for over 10 years and has extensive experience handling corporate transactions, both in-house and in private practice. Atlanta, GA 30338 Outside of smoothies, whats the top-selling non-smoothie product? Whats the best piece of advice that other restaurant executives should hear? I love that. I am forever grateful to our franchisees, support center team and our Board of Directors for their confidence in me as the leader who can guide Tropical Smoothie Cafe into a new era.. I and/or my business partner(s) have the following financials, Tropical Smoothie Cafe, LLC While our projected 2020 growth might take a step back due to the coronavirus, I believe our approach to navigating through this will help us emerge quickly once it passes.". Were 100% focused on domestic right now. There are currently 913 franchised locations and 1 company-owned restaurant. Excludes non-traditional locations and Restaurants that were not open for at least 357 days in 2021. Charles recently joined his team in celebrating the opening of the 1,000th Tropical Smoothie Cafe location. charles watson tropical smoothie cafe. Chipotle chicken flatbread. Atlanta, GA 30338 And provide technology.. Charles Watson, the CEO of Tropical Smoothie Care, was thrilled with his companys performance so far this year, which is what youd expect from a chain whose. I and/or my business partner(s) have the following financials, Tropical Smoothie Cafe, LLC So that was helpful! Interested Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise candidates should have business experience, along with a minimum net worth of $350,000, which includes $125,000 in liquid assets. In conclusion, I believe the growth of Tropical Smoothie Cafe over the last two years demonstrates Mr. Watson's steady leadership and a clear understanding of building on the momentum that has made the brand a leader in its category. Occhiogrosso: What are some of the additional support initiatives you put in place for your franchise community during the pandemic? "Relationships Rule" is one of our core values, and because of that, people are at the heart of our company. January 21, 2010 // Franchising.com // Destin, Fla. - Tropical Smoothie Caf, a tropical-themed smoothie and sandwich chain with more than 285 locations, announced today that Charles Watson has . For the fiscal year 2021, these End-Cap and In-Line Tropical Smoothie Cafe Restaurants typically ranged in size from 1,200 to 1,900 square feet. Its getting involved in the local community. Tropical Smoothie Cafe. Von Kutzleben most recently served as vice president of brand strategy, advertising and menu at Arbys. Atlanta, GA ( RestaurantNews.com ) Tropical Smoothie Cafe, a leading national fast-casual cafe franchise known for both its better-for-you smoothies and food with a tropical twist, continues its . I dont believe that the people side of our business is dead.. Cheryl Fletcher joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe in July of 2017. 1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite W200 "Our franchisees are the heart of our brand, so we wanted to make sure we were doing everything we could to help them stay afloat through the crisis. Were working on it. Charles Watson CEO. So whats your own personal favorite smoothie? "I'm a huge advocate for franchise advisory councils, specifically when nearly 60% of all franchise agreements at Tropical Smoothie Cafe come from existing franchisees. CLOSE. Its in Casco, Maine, Camp Sunshine. Currently, the following states regulate the offer and sale of franchises: California, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota (File No. Such filing does not constitute approval by the Department of Law. And at Tropical Smoothie Cafe, we really focus on the fresh ingredients. In this role, he is responsible for the brand's strategic vision and overall franchise performance. Youre asking me to pick which kid I like the best. At the end of the day, we are a restaurant company and how great our food and smoothies are determines [success]. For me, its about really making sure that those DMAs [distinct market areas] or those different cities are all well represented and well connected so that our brand can compete in those different cities. Right now we have a BLT quesadilla. Watson has worked for the brand for more than 10 years and has been its chief development officer since 2015. Watson has more than 10 years of experience with Tropical Smoothie Cafe and led our franchise development efforts since 2010. That created a kind of blueprint that served as the foundation for me to take the reins and lead the company the way I felt was best. Richard Key serves as the Chief Operations Officer, responsible for overseeing the operations team and its support and training of the Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise community. Charles Watson, CEO Corporate Address . We have three tenets in how we serve our Franchise Owners. For many, many years, its been the Bahama Mama. F-9894), New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin. "Like I said, I was very fortunate to have had already developed relationships with our franchise community prior to becoming CEO. The offering is by prospectus only. Because of our amazing guests, our franchisees, and the communities they serve, including those on the front lines of this pandemic, we will get through this. Prior to Tropical Smoothie Cafe, Mark served as Chief Marketing Officer with Floor Coverings International where he was responsible for driving the brands digital transformation and leadership position in service-based franchising. The chain plans on opening an astonishing 200 locations this year alone, which will mean it's opening its 1000th restaurant. Unresolved: Release in which this issue/RFE will be addressed. Smoothie King to Open More Than 100 Stores in 2023 February 3, 2023 Crisp & Green Inks Largest Multi-Unit Deal in Company History with 40 Units Sold February 2, 2023 Dine Brands International Expands with Dual-Brand Locations in the Middle East January 31, 2023 Charles recently joined his team in celebrating the opening of the 1,000th Tropical Smoothie Cafe location. So I think a great franchisee base, and products and innovation that people want. Prior to joining Tropical Smoothie Cafe, I worked for several hotel and hospitality-centric companies, including Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Intercontinental Hotels Group, US Franchise Systems, Inc. and Hospitality Real Estate Counselors. Mark serves on the board of the Institute of Certified Franchise Executives. And so the way that they impact the communities where they operate is a really big part. This information is not intended as an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy a franchise. Complete the form or call 770-821-1928, and a Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise development leader will reach out to you with more information. 770-580-2333 If your Franchised Business includes a drive-thru, the additional expense (including the cost of leasehold improvements, restaurant fixtures and equipment, and other costs) would be approximately $35,000 to $45,000. Passion and brand vision continue to guide the way. We gathered that feedback and used it to set goals and action plans for the company. And they want what they want when they want it, and thats usually right now. So were a brand thats going to be close to pushing a 3:1 investment ratio. CALIFORNIA DISCLAIMER: THESE FRANCHISES HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE FRANCHISE INVESTMENT LAW OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. Tropical Smoothie Cafe has deals in place for hundreds more locations in the pipeline and is on track to meet Charles aggressive goal to hit 1,500 locations by the end of 2024. In a highly competitive segment, we're one of the fastest-growing quick-casual brands, opening 124 new locations in 2019 alone and singing 213 development agreements to open hundreds of businesses over the next few years.". Currently, the following states regulate the offer and sale of franchises: California, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota (File No. Passion is key in everything. Well, Tropical Smoothie Cafe, we've got 850 locations in 44 states. Watch the complete interview here or start your journey in becoming a Tropical Smoothie Cafe Franchise Owner by completing our form. The guests who support local businesses in and around their communities are the ones we give the credit to because their loyalty to our cafes is what has ultimately maintained our ability to serve. The offering is by prospectus only. menu boasts bold, flavorful smoothies with a healthy appeal, all made-to-order with quality ingredients. Michael Lapid joined Tropical Smoothie Cafe in October of 2019 to the role of Chief Information and Digital Officer. Tropical Smoothie Cafe has deals in place for hundreds more locations in the pipeline and is on track to meet Charles aggressive goal to hit 1,500 locations by the end of 2024. Without our franchisees, committees, and council, I simply could not do this job. With extensive experience in the food service industry, Paul comes to Tropical Smoothie Cafe from Popeyes, where he served as the Chief Accounting Officer and spent nearly two decades working in the brands financial and accounting departments. The first thing is to be a business partner. The average tropical smoothie franchise owner s salary/pay is estimated to be $126,000 per year, based on an average net revenue of $1,009,803 and a profit margin of 15%. Show all. And thats like: Whos the bad kid in the family! Weve got everything right from Island Green Detox, with zero sugar, and ginger, and everything. However, I ended up a punter at Cornell. Previously, Cheryl held a 17-year tenure with Popeyes, during which she served as Vice President of Franchise Development, Vice President of Development Strategic Planning, and Director of Investor Relations and Finance. It posted its ninth consecutive year of positive same-store sales, with 2020 same-stores up 7.5%. We set company-wide strategic imperatives around these issues immediately.". We really call Tropical Smoothie Cafe a street corner business. Over the next five years, our goals are to reach 1,500 cafes open across the U.S., with over 18% profitability for our franchisees on average volumes in excess of $1M, all with very high operational satisfaction for our guests. Were any of the franchisees reluctant to follow the system or embrace a new direction? Without our franchisees, committees, and council, I simply could not do this job. So Ive got to get them in while I can. Charles Watson serves as CEO for Tropical Smoothie Cafe. I wont lie, it was a blow to the ego at first, but it taught me what being a role player means and how important every role is to the bigger picture. "Relationships Rule" is one of our core values, and because of that, people are at the heart of our company. We consider ourselves to be an approachable, healthier option for the average American, and our customer loyalty system-wide continues to climb. Early in his career, Mark served the franchise industry as a supplier, delivering innovative technology-enabled marketing strategies to help emerging franchise concepts rapidly scale and grow revenue through local-level marketing and sales. Call now and speak to a franchise development leader. 1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite W200 My mentality and passion for what I do has remained consistent at every stage of my career, carrying over to when I first started with Tropical Smoothie Cafe in 2010, as the brands first vice president of franchise development. Well see, I may have to bring that one back. If you don't have a Tropical Smoothie Cafe near your home yet, just wait a bit. Watson: "Like I said, I was very fortunate to have had already developed relationships with our franchise community prior to becoming CEO. What is the mission and goal of the company over the next few years? Over the years, weve learned that our innovative and versatile menu, featuring a wide variety of food items in addition to smoothies, has brought tremendous success to our brand and to our incredible franchisees. It is for information purposes only. And then number two, I would say a franchisee base that is second to none. From my VP of development officer to today as CEO, Ive been passionate about the brands vision. I worked for my father throughout my teenage years, and those years were my first taste of what the industry was all about. The best smoothie in terms of sales actually going on right now is our Mango Berry Cosmo. So we managed to get through that. How do you feel about franchise advisory councils? Occhiogrosso: How do you feel about franchise advisory councils? "At Tropical Smoothie Cafe, it's our mission to inspire a healthier lifestyle by serving amazing food and smoothies, with a bit of tropical fun. Yeah. Fast CasualAn interview with Tim Tang of HughesDecember 2, 2019. Tropical Smoothie Cafe has deals in place . My experience with the brand up to that point was beneficial because I was already very immersed in the operations and processes that had contributed to its success at that time. Were now seeing a big acceleration in the business in 2021, much of that is attributable to our franchisees, really working hard to stand up digital channels. So again, I mentioned earlier menu innovation. Interested candidates should have business experience, along with a minimum net worth of $350,000 which includes $125,000 in liquid assets. Based on our fiscal year ending 12/26/2021 and includes 768 Restaurants that were open for at least 12 months as of 12/26/2021. Turns out, theres a lot to know about Tropical Smoothie Cafe. Tropical Smoothie Cafe CEO Charles Watson has been with the company for more than 10 years and is passionate about supporting the franchise system's sustainable growth, the success of its franchisees, and the . I think they can be used throughout the day and utilized in guests diets. The Tropical Franchisee Council (TFC) was established in 2018 and has been invaluable for our growth. The way [Tropical Smoothie Cafe works in markets], we work the suburbs and the outskirts, and move our way into cities. So theres a lot of involvement. TropicalSmoothie.com. It was not possible for me to get involved in every project so I had to learn to let go and delegate. When I became CEO, I launched a formal franchisee advisory council, known in our organization as the Tropical Franchisee Council (TFC). For more information about owning a Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise, complete our form! Occhiogrosso: What challenges, if any, did you face in getting "buy-in" from the existing franchise community once you became CEO? 5 Questions with Tropical Smoothie CEO Charles Watson. What were the one or two unique challenges that you faced upon taking over as CEO? If your Franchised Business includes a drive-thru, the additional expense (including the cost of leasehold improvements, restaurant fixtures and equipment, and other costs) would be approximately $35,000 to $45,000. Prior to that, she spent 22 years at BBDO Worldwide, where she was executive vice president and senior director for the global advertising powerhouse, leading campaign strategy and execution for many large national brands. "We were in a good place! Complete the form or call 770-821-1928, and a Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise development leader will reach out to you with more information. If you are a resident of or want to locate a franchise in one of these states, we will not offer you a franchise unless and until we have complied with applicable pre-sale registration and disclosure requirements in your state. I love a good pot roast with mashed potatoes, green beans and corn. Skip to main content Call now and speak to a franchise development leader. *$1,009,803 System Wide Average Net Revenues. Well, I think the one thing is that smoothies are anytime, theyre not just a breakfast day part. Pete Ward advises Tropical Smoothie Cafe on all legal and business matters, including franchising, real estate, labor and employment, litigation, intellectual property, licensing, and other commercial matters. Other common Tropical Smoothie Cafe email . Both of my parents had the entrepreneur bug and they definitely passed that on to me. I was 11 years old when I got my first job washing dishes at my fathers restaurant. When asked about developing people skills with a generation used to communicating online, Its an opportunity for us as managers and Franchise Owners to teach the staff how to greet people, look them in the eye, and ask how may I serve you today? Its our job to teach the next generation. Charles is a graduate of The Hotel School at Cornell University and also holds a Masters of Business Administration from The Terry School of Business at The University of Georgia. Here are some highlights of their conversation about his franchise business. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. He has been instrumental in developing the culture of Tropical Smoothie Cafe and earning the trust of our franchisees. Occhiogrosso: What were the one or two unique challenges that you faced upon taking over as CEO? Were any of the franchisees reluctant to follow the system or embrace a new direction? Total revenues were $58 million while expenses were only $41 million, indicating a healthy profit margin of around 30%. Weve raised almost $7.5 million for them. In a highly competitive segment, we're one of the fastest-growing quick-casual brands, opening 124 new locations in 2019 alone and singing 213 development agreements to open hundreds of businesses over the next few years.". How are we purpose-driven? And were rolling that out under our tagline of Inspire Better. Tropical Smoothie Cafe, LLC . Complete the form or call 770-821-1928, and a Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise development leader will reach out to you with more information. Richard Key serves as the Chief Operations Officer, responsible for overseeing the operations team and its support and training of the Tropical Smoothie Cafe franchise community. And the digital guest experience is another way for our customers to use us. And theyre in their communities. Von Kutzleben most recently served as vice president of brand strategy, advertising and menu at Arbys. I think the biggest shift will take place for those restaurants that can't be open right now. He is survived by his children Kayla (Jason), Kelsey (Billy), John (Stephanie), Kincaid (Cecilia), his siblings Orville Dallier (Angela), Sue Dorey (Tom), Donna *$1,009,803 System Wide Average Net Revenues. Excludes non-traditional locations and Restaurants that were not open for at least 357 days in 2021. On the other hand, its hard to beat a plate of spaghetti. The brands dedication to Inspire Better in all aspects of the business resonated with me from day one. Atlanta, GA. If its not run-of-the-mill bland food, we want to bring a little bit of a culinary experience to quick casual, and still provide convenience, and value, and all those kinds of things. Such filing does not constitute approval by the Department of Law. Charles recently joined his team in celebrating the opening of the 1,000th Tropical Smoothie Cafe location. We consider ourselves to be an approachable, healthier option for the average American, and our customer loyalty system-wide continues to climb. It is, however, a "darn good chaser," he said and . When I became CEO, I launched a formal franchisee advisory council, known in our organization as the Tropical Franchisee Council (TFC). And so I dont know. 13, 2021, 08:36 AM. It is for information purposes only. we dont want to go to Manhattan and open 30 locations. . 770-580-2333, Bold Women in the C-Suite: Cheryl Fletcher, Connect with People Who Have More Experience: Interview with Charles Watson, CEO of Tropical Smoothie Cafe, Tropical Smoothie Cafe Celebrates Spring With The Return Of Superfruit Smoothies. Our relationships are founded on trust and respect for the unique talents of our teams, franchisees, and vendors alike. The range is based on estimated costs for End-Cap or In-Line Tropical Smoothie Cafe Restaurants, which include those located in or at strip style retail shopping centers but does not include drive-thrus. Absolutely. In 2018, when I was named CEO, we had more than 720 locations open nationwide. Our annual tactics are focused around delivering those results.". Michael brings 20 years of foundational IT skills and core functions of digital knowledge critical to shaping our journey to reach guests via innovative technologies. In these roles, Charles was responsible for all development of the Tropical Smoothie Cafe brand. Chief Development Officer since 2016, after serving as VP of Franchise Development since 2010. I write about the franchising, restaurant and food services industry. What is something you wish more people knew about the chain and its products? And was one in place already? As their franchise website states: "Tropical Smoothie Cafes menu boasts bold, flavorful smoothies with a healthy appeal, all made-to-order with quality ingredients. TikTok user Fuhlex left her followers stunned after revealing the cost of the bagThe social media user, from LA, said she was 'too embarrassed to put it back'But people likened it to a 'potato sack' and begged her to return it to the store 770-580-2333 I was lucky enough to work with the founders of the business (and still do as they are board members) as well as work under our first CEO, who did an amazing job. Saturday 31st December 2022 (New Year's Eve) 10:00pm til 4:00am. Gary Occhiogrosso: Tell us a little about your background before joining Tropical Smoothie? No Place Like Home: Home Service Franchises Enjoy Continued Growth During Times Of Financial Difficulty, Little Caesars Pizza Franchise Set To Relaunch In The UK, The Importance Of Having A Franchise Exit Strategy. By year-end 2018 we opened 110 cafes and signed 191 new franchise agreements. Paul Marsden oversees development and execution of financial strategies to support the companys business plans. Thats why food and smoothie innovation is so important, its to keep things fresh and to make sure that our guests are getting exciting things to be able to see and try. Watson discusses how and why the brand has seen a Q3 same-store sales jump of 19.5% during the pandemic Tropical Smoothie Cafe on franchisee success during COVID-19 | Nation's Restaurant News Charles Watson has been the CEO since . It is, however, still a hefty financial investment. The Version table provides details related to the release that this issue/RFE will be addressed. Atlanta, GA 30338 If you dont have a Tropical Smoothie Cafe near your home yet, just wait a bit. Communicate deeply. While our projected 2020 growth might take a step back due to the coronavirus, I believe our approach to navigating through this will help us emerge quickly once it passes. A veteran franchise professional, Charles has worked for several hospitality-related companies including Intercontinental Hotels Group and US Franchise Systems. . So we dont have any specific development goals associated, i.e. Prior to that, she spent 22 years at BBDO Worldwide, where she was executive vice president and senior director for the global advertising powerhouse, leading campaign strategy and execution for many large national brands. . charles watson tropical smoothie net worth. I was lucky enough to work with the founders of the business (and still do as they are board members) as well as work under our first CEO, who did an amazing job. Its doing more than just being in business to sell food and smoothies. Theyre not just a snack day part, etc. His goal is to achieve $1 billion in sales and 1,500+ cafes by 2023. . Charles Watson, CEO of Tropical Smoothie Cafe was a recent attendee at the Fast Casual Executive Summit in Austin, Texas. As a restaurant executive, hospitality should be in your blood. Mark serves on the board of the Institute of Certified Franchise Executives. Or the Hummus Veggie Wrap? And we actually drove our comparative sales versus 2019 by 7.5%. Camp Sunshine is a camp for kids and their families that have life-threatening illnesses. 1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite W200 Based on our fiscal year ending 12/26/2021 and includes 768 Restaurants that were open for at least 12 months as of 12/26/2021. The range is based on estimated costs for End-Cap or In-Line Tropical Smoothie Cafe Restaurants, which include those located in or at strip style retail shopping centers but does not include drive-thrus. F-9894), New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin.